DMDirc-Client/src/main/java/com/dmdirc/ui/input/InputHandler.java

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2015 DMDirc Developers
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 * SOFTWARE.
 */

package com.dmdirc.ui.input;

import com.dmdirc.FrameContainer;
import com.dmdirc.commandparser.CommandArguments;
import com.dmdirc.commandparser.CommandInfoPair;
import com.dmdirc.commandparser.commands.ValidatingCommand;
import com.dmdirc.commandparser.commands.WrappableCommand;
import com.dmdirc.commandparser.parsers.CommandParser;
import com.dmdirc.events.ClientUserInputEvent;
import com.dmdirc.events.FrameClosingEvent;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.CommandController;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.EventBus;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.WindowModel;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.config.ConfigChangeListener;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.ui.InputField;
import com.dmdirc.interfaces.ui.InputValidationListener;
import com.dmdirc.parser.common.CompositionState;
import com.dmdirc.plugins.ServiceManager;
import com.dmdirc.ui.input.tabstyles.TabCompletionResult;
import com.dmdirc.ui.input.tabstyles.TabCompletionStyle;
import com.dmdirc.ui.messages.IRCControlCodes;
import com.dmdirc.util.collections.ListenerList;
import com.dmdirc.util.collections.RollingList;
import com.dmdirc.util.validators.ValidationResponse;

import com.google.common.util.concurrent.ThreadFactoryBuilder;

import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.engio.mbassy.listener.Handler;

/**
 * Handles events generated by a user typing into a textfield. Allows the user to use shortcut keys
 * for control characters (ctrl+b, etc), to tab complete nicknames/channel names/etc, and to scroll
 * through their previously issued commands.
 */
public abstract class InputHandler implements ConfigChangeListener {

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(InputHandler.class);
    /**
     * Indicates that the caret should be moved to the start of a selection when a control code has
     * been inserted.
     */
    protected static final int POSITION_START = 2;
    /** Flag to indicate that this input handler should handle tab completion. */
    protected static final int HANDLE_TABCOMPLETION = 1;
    /** Flag to indicate that this input handler should maintain a back buffer. */
    protected static final int HANDLE_BACKBUFFER = 2;
    /** Flag to indicate that this input handler should handle formatting. */
    protected static final int HANDLE_FORMATTING = 4;
    /** Flag to indicate that this input handler should handle returns. */
    protected static final int HANDLE_RETURN = 8;
    /**
     * Time in milliseconds after which we switch from "typing" to"text entered" composing states.
     */
    private static final int TYPING_TIMEOUT = 5000;
    /**
     * Indicates that the caret should be moved to the end of a selection when a control code has
     * been inserted.
     */
    private static final int POSITION_END = 1;
    /** Tab-completer utilities. */
    private final TabCompleterUtils tabCompleterUtils;
    /** The flags for this particular input handler. */
    protected int flags = HANDLE_TABCOMPLETION | HANDLE_BACKBUFFER
            | HANDLE_FORMATTING | HANDLE_RETURN;
    /** The input buffer. */
    protected final RollingList<String> buffer;
    /** The textfield that we're handling input for. */
    protected final InputField target;
    /** The TabCompleter to use for tab completion. */
    protected TabCompleter tabCompleter;
    /** The CommandParser to use for our input. */
    protected final CommandParser commandParser;
    /** The frame that we belong to. */
    protected final WindowModel parentWindow;
    /** The tab completion style. */
    protected TabCompletionStyle style;
    /** Our listener list. */
    private final ListenerList listeners = new ListenerList();
    /** The current composition state. */
    private CompositionState state = CompositionState.IDLE;
    /** Timer used to manage timeouts of composition state. */
    private ScheduledFuture<?> compositionTimer;
    /** Manager to use to look up tab completion services. */
    private final ServiceManager serviceManager;
    /** The controller to use to retrieve command information. */
    private final CommandController commandController;
    /** The event bus to use to dispatch input events. */
    private final EventBus eventBus;
    /** Executor service. */
    private final ScheduledExecutorService executorService;

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of InputHandler. Adds listeners to the target that we need to operate.
     *
     * @param serviceManager    Manager to use to look up tab completion services.
     * @param target            The text field this input handler is dealing with.
     * @param commandController The controller to use to retrieve command information.
     * @param commandParser     The command parser to use for this text field.
     * @param parentWindow      The window that owns this input handler
     * @param eventBus          The event bus to use to dispatch input events.
     */
    public InputHandler(
            final ServiceManager serviceManager,
            final InputField target,
            final CommandController commandController,
            final CommandParser commandParser,
            final WindowModel parentWindow,
            final TabCompleterUtils tabCompleterUtils,
            final EventBus eventBus) {
        buffer = new RollingList<>(parentWindow.getConfigManager()
                .getOptionInt("ui", "inputbuffersize"), "");

        this.serviceManager = serviceManager;
        this.target = target;
        this.commandController = commandController;
        this.commandParser = commandParser;
        this.parentWindow = parentWindow;
        this.tabCompleterUtils = tabCompleterUtils;
        this.eventBus = eventBus;
        executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(
                new ThreadFactoryBuilder().setNameFormat("Composition state timer-%d").build());

        setStyle();

        parentWindow.getConfigManager().addChangeListener(
                "tabcompletion", "style", this);

        addUpHandler();
        addDownHandler();
        addTabHandler();
        addKeyHandler();
        addEnterHandler();

        eventBus.subscribe(this);
    }

    /**
     * Adds an arrow up key handler.
     */
    protected abstract void addUpHandler();

    /**
     * Adds an arrow down key handler.
     */
    protected abstract void addDownHandler();

    /**
     * Adds an tab key handler.
     */
    protected abstract void addTabHandler();

    /**
     * Adds a key handler.
     */
    protected abstract void addKeyHandler();

    /**
     * Adds an enter key handler.
     */
    protected abstract void addEnterHandler();

    /**
     * Indicates which types of input this handler should handle.
     *
     * @param handleTabCompletion Whether or not to handle tab completion
     * @param handleBackBuffer    Whether or not to maintain an input back buffer
     * @param handleFormatting    Whether or not to handle formatting
     * @param handleReturn        Whether or not to handle returns
     */
    public void setTypes(final boolean handleTabCompletion,
            final boolean handleBackBuffer,
            final boolean handleFormatting, final boolean handleReturn) {
        flags = (handleTabCompletion ? HANDLE_TABCOMPLETION : 0)
                | (handleBackBuffer ? HANDLE_BACKBUFFER : 0)
                | (handleFormatting ? HANDLE_FORMATTING : 0)
                | (handleReturn ? HANDLE_RETURN : 0);
    }

    /**
     * Sets this inputhandler's tab completion style.
     */
    private void setStyle() {
        style = (TabCompletionStyle) serviceManager
                .getServiceProvider("tabcompletion", parentWindow
                        .getConfigManager().getOption("tabcompletion", "style"))
                .getExportedService("getCompletionStyle").execute(tabCompleter,
                        parentWindow);
    }

    /**
     * Sets this input handler's tab completer.
     *
     * @param newTabCompleter The new tab completer
     */
    public void setTabCompleter(final TabCompleter newTabCompleter) {
        tabCompleter = newTabCompleter;
        setStyle();
    }

    /**
     * Handles the pressing of a key. Inserts control chars as appropriate.
     *
     * @param line          Text in the target
     * @param caretPosition Position of the caret after the key was pressed
     * @param keyCode       Keycode for the pressed key
     * @param shiftPressed  Was shift pressed
     * @param ctrlPressed   Was ctrl key pressed
     */
    protected void handleKeyPressed(final String line, final int caretPosition,
            final int keyCode, final boolean shiftPressed,
            final boolean ctrlPressed) {
        target.hideColourPicker();

        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_COMMA && caretPosition > 1) {
            // Reshow the colour picker dialog if the user follows a colour
            // or control code with a comma (so they can pick a background)
            final String partialLine = line.substring(0, caretPosition - 1);

            if (partialLine.matches("^.*" + IRCControlCodes.COLOUR + "[0-9]{0,2}$")) {
                target.showColourPicker(true, false);
            } else if (partialLine.matches("^.*" + IRCControlCodes.COLOUR_HEX + "[0-9A-Z]{6}?$")) {
                target.showColourPicker(false, true);
            }
        }

        if (ctrlPressed && (flags & HANDLE_FORMATTING) != 0) {
            handleControlKey(line, keyCode, shiftPressed);
        }

        if (target.getText().isEmpty()) {
            cancelTypingNotification();
        } else {
            updateTypingNotification();
        }

        validateText();
    }

    /**
     * Validates the text currently entered in the text field.
     */
    protected void validateText() {
        final String text = target.getText();

        final CommandArguments args = new CommandArguments(commandController, text);

        if (args.isCommand()) {
            final CommandInfoPair command = commandParser.getCommand(args.getCommandName());

            if (command != null && command.getCommand() instanceof ValidatingCommand) {
                final ValidationResponse vr = ((ValidatingCommand) command.getCommand())
                        .validateArguments(parentWindow, args);

                if (vr.isFailure()) {
                    fireCommandFailure(vr.getFailureReason());
                } else {
                    fireCommandPassed();
                }
            }

            if (command != null && command.getCommand() instanceof WrappableCommand) {
                final int count = ((WrappableCommand) command.getCommand())
                        .getLineCount(parentWindow, args);
                fireLineWrap(count);
            }
        } else {
            final int lines = parentWindow.getInputModel().get().getNumLines(text);
            fireLineWrap(lines);
        }
    }

    /** Resets the composition state to idle and notifies the parent if relevant. */
    private void cancelTypingNotification() {
        if (compositionTimer != null) {
            LOG.debug("Cancelling composition timer");
            compositionTimer.cancel(true);
        }

        LOG.debug("Cancelling typing notification");
        setCompositionState(CompositionState.IDLE);
    }

    /** Updates the composition state to typing and starts/resets the idle timer. */
    private void updateTypingNotification() {
        if (compositionTimer != null) {
            LOG.debug("Cancelling composition timer");
            compositionTimer.cancel(true);
        }

        compositionTimer = executorService.schedule(this::timeoutTypingNotification,
                TYPING_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

        LOG.debug("Setting composition state to typing. Timer scheduled for {}", TYPING_TIMEOUT);
        setCompositionState(CompositionState.TYPING);
    }

    /** Updates the composition state to "entered text". */
    private void timeoutTypingNotification() {
        LOG.debug("Composition state timeout reached");
        setCompositionState(CompositionState.ENTERED_TEXT);
    }

    /**
     * Sets the composition state to the specified one. If the state has changed, the parent window
     * is notified of the new state.
     *
     * @param newState The new composition state
     */
    private void setCompositionState(final CompositionState newState) {
        if (state != newState) {
            state = newState;

            // TODO: Not sure where this should be exposed...
            ((FrameContainer) parentWindow).setCompositionState(state);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fires the "illegalCommand" method of all validation listeners.
     *
     * @param reason The reason for the command failure
     */
    private void fireCommandFailure(final String reason) {
        for (InputValidationListener listener : listeners.get(InputValidationListener.class)) {
            listener.illegalCommand(reason);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Fires the "legalCommand" method of all validation listeners.
     */
    private void fireCommandPassed() {
        listeners.get(InputValidationListener.class).forEach(InputValidationListener::legalCommand);
    }

    /**
     * Fires the "wrappedText" method of all validation listeners.
     *
     * @param lines The number of lines that the text will wrap to
     */
    private void fireLineWrap(final int lines) {
        for (InputValidationListener listener : listeners.get(InputValidationListener.class)) {
            listener.wrappedText(lines);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds an InputValidationListener to this input handler.
     *
     * @param listener The listener to be added
     */
    public void addValidationListener(final InputValidationListener listener) {
        listeners.add(InputValidationListener.class, listener);
    }

    /**
     * Handles the pressing of a key while the control key is pressed. Inserts control chars as
     * appropriate.
     *
     * @param line         Text in the target
     * @param keyCode      Keycode for the pressed key
     * @param shiftPressed Was shift pressed
     */
    protected void handleControlKey(final String line, final int keyCode,
            final boolean shiftPressed) {
        switch (keyCode) {
            case KeyEvent.VK_B:
                addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.BOLD, POSITION_END);
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_U:
                addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.UNDERLINE, POSITION_END);
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_O:
                addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.STOP, POSITION_END);
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_I:
                addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.ITALIC, POSITION_END);
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_F:
                if (shiftPressed) {
                    addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.FIXED, POSITION_END);
                }
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_K:
                if (shiftPressed) {
                    addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.COLOUR_HEX, POSITION_START);
                    target.showColourPicker(false, true);
                } else {
                    addControlCode(IRCControlCodes.COLOUR, POSITION_START);
                    target.showColourPicker(true, false);
                }
                break;

            case KeyEvent.VK_ENTER:
                if ((flags & HANDLE_RETURN) != 0 && !line.isEmpty()) {
                    commandParser.parseCommandCtrl(parentWindow, line);
                    addToBuffer(line);
                }
                break;

            default:
                /* Do nothing. */
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Calls when the user presses the up key. Handles cycling through the input buffer.
     */
    protected void doBufferUp() {
        if ((flags & HANDLE_BACKBUFFER) != 0) {
            if (buffer.hasPrevious()) {
                target.setText(buffer.getPrevious());
            } else {
                Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
            }
        }
        validateText();
    }

    /**
     * Called when the user presses the down key. Handles cycling through the input buffer, and
     * storing incomplete lines.
     */
    protected void doBufferDown() {
        if ((flags & HANDLE_BACKBUFFER) != 0) {
            if (buffer.hasNext()) {
                target.setText(buffer.getNext());
            } else if (target.getText().isEmpty()) {
                Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
            } else {
                addToBuffer(target.getText());
                target.setText("");
            }
        }
        validateText();
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a list of all known entries in the input backbuffer.
     *
     * @since 0.6
     * @return A copy of the input backbuffer.
     */
    public List<String> getBackBuffer() {
        return new ArrayList<>(buffer.getList());
    }

    /**
     * Handles tab completion of a string. Called when the user presses (shift) tab.
     *
     * @param shiftPressed True iff shift is pressed
     *
     * @since 0.6.3
     */
    protected void doTabCompletion(final boolean shiftPressed) {
        if (tabCompleter == null || (flags & HANDLE_TABCOMPLETION) == 0) {
            LOG.debug("Aborting tab completion. Completer: {}, flags: {}",
                    new Object[]{tabCompleter, flags});
            return;
        }

        final String text = target.getText();

        LOG.trace("Text for tab completion: {}", text);

        if (text.isEmpty()) {
            doNormalTabCompletion(text, 0, 0, shiftPressed, null);
            return;
        }

        final int pos = target.getCaretPosition() - 1;
        int start = pos < 0 ? 0 : pos;
        int end = pos < 0 ? 0 : pos;

        // Traverse backwards
        while (start > 0 && text.charAt(start) != ' ') {
            start--;
        }
        if (text.charAt(start) == ' ') {
            start++;
        }

        // And forwards
        while (end < text.length() && text.charAt(end) != ' ') {
            end++;
        }

        if (start > end) {
            end = start;
        }

        LOG.trace("Offsets: start: {}, end: {}", new Object[]{start, end});

        if (start > 0 && text.charAt(0) == commandController.getCommandChar()) {
            doCommandTabCompletion(text, start, end, shiftPressed);
        } else {
            doNormalTabCompletion(text, start, end, shiftPressed, null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Handles potentially intelligent tab completion.
     *
     * @param text         The text that is being completed
     * @param start        The start index of the word we're completing
     * @param end          The end index of the word we're completing
     * @param shiftPressed True iff shift is pressed
     */
    private void doCommandTabCompletion(final String text, final int start,
            final int end, final boolean shiftPressed) {
        doNormalTabCompletion(text, start, end, shiftPressed,
                tabCompleterUtils.getIntelligentResults(parentWindow, commandController,
                        text.substring(0, start), text.substring(start, end)));
    }

    /**
     * Handles normal (non-intelligent-command) tab completion.
     *
     * @param text         The text that is being completed
     * @param start        The start index of the word we're completing
     * @param end          The end index of the word we're completing
     * @param additional   A list of additional strings to use
     * @param shiftPressed True iff shift is pressed
     */
    private void doNormalTabCompletion(final String text, final int start,
            final int end, final boolean shiftPressed,
            final AdditionalTabTargets additional) {
        final TabCompletionResult res = style.getResult(text, start, end,
                shiftPressed, additional);

        if (res != null) {
            target.setText(res.getText());
            target.setCaretPosition(res.getPosition());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Called when the user presses return in the text area. The line they typed is added to the
     * buffer for future use.
     *
     * @param line The event that was fired
     */
    public void enterPressed(final String line) {
        if (!line.isEmpty()) {
            final StringBuffer bufferedLine = new StringBuffer(line);
            eventBus.publishAsync(new ClientUserInputEvent(parentWindow, bufferedLine));
            addToBuffer(bufferedLine.toString());
            commandParser.parseCommand(parentWindow, bufferedLine.toString());
        }

        cancelTypingNotification();
        fireLineWrap(0);
        fireCommandPassed();
    }

    /**
     * Adds the specified control code to the textarea. If the user has a range of text selected,
     * the characters are added before and after, and the caret is positioned based on the position
     * argument.
     *
     * @param code     The control code to add
     * @param position The position of the caret after a selection is altered
     */
    protected void addControlCode(final int code, final int position) {
        final String insert = String.valueOf((char) code);
        final int selectionEnd = target.getSelectionEnd();
        final int selectionStart = target.getSelectionStart();
        if (selectionStart < selectionEnd) {
            final String source = target.getText();
            final String before = source.substring(0, selectionStart);
            final String selected = target.getSelectedText();
            final String after = source.substring(selectionEnd, source.length());
            target.setText(before + insert + selected + insert + after);
            if (position == POSITION_START) {
                target.setCaretPosition(selectionStart + 1);
            } else if (position == POSITION_END) {
                target.setCaretPosition(selectionEnd + 2);
            }
        } else {
            final int offset = target.getCaretPosition();
            final String source = target.getText();
            final String before = target.getText().substring(0, offset);
            final String after = target.getText().substring(offset,
                    source.length());
            target.setText(before + insert + after);
            target.setCaretPosition(offset + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds all items in the string array to the buffer.
     *
     * @param lines lines to add to the buffer
     */
    public void addToBuffer(final String[] lines) {
        for (String line : lines) {
            addToBuffer(line);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adds the specified string to the buffer.
     *
     * @param line The line to be added to the buffer
     */
    public void addToBuffer(final String line) {
        buffer.add(line);
        buffer.seekToEnd();
    }

    @Override
    public void configChanged(final String domain, final String key) {
        setStyle();
    }

    /**
     * Inserts text to the current inputField.
     *
     * @param text The text to insert into the inputField
     *
     * @since 0.6.4
     */
    public void addToInputField(final String text) {
        target.setText(text);
    }

    /**
     * Clears the text from the inputField.
     *
     * @since 0.6.4
     */
    public void clearInputField() {
        target.setText("");
    }

    @Handler
    void parentClosing(final FrameClosingEvent event) {
        if (event.getSource().equals(parentWindow)) {
            executorService.shutdown();
            eventBus.unsubscribe(this);
        }
    }

}